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Bitcoin's 'Illiquid' Supply Soars to New All-Time High Near 15M Tokens

Alongside, bitcoin on exchanges have fallen to almost a four-year low, suggesting heightened investor demand.

BTC Illiquid Supply (Glassnode)
BTC Illiquid Supply (Glassnode)

What to know:

  • Approximately 14.8M BTC are considered "illiquid," according to Glassnode data, which is 75% of the circulating supply.
  • Bitcoin on exchanges are approaching a four-year low, just below 3 million tokens.

The so-called $100,000 sell wall for bitcoin (BTC} is becoming a hard nut to crack, with $384 million available for sale between the current price and that six-figure milestone. A look at the supply data, though, suggests building pressure for an upward move.

"Illiquid supply" refers to the amount of bitcoin that is owned by long-term holders (LTHs) that is not actively traded. According to Glassnode data, illiquid supply has risen by more than 185,000 tokens over the past 30 days and hit an all-time high of 14.8 million BTC, or 75% of the total circulating supply of just under 20 million (only 21 million bitcoin can ever exist). That 185,000 is the second highest 30-day change this year and suggests the main behavior for investors at the moment is holding not trading.

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BTC: Illiquid Supply Change (Glassnode)
BTC: Illiquid Supply Change (Glassnode)

Previous research by CoinDesk shows that sales by LTHs are approaching their end. Since Nov. 26, LTHs as a group have been accumulating, adding more than 2,000 BTC to their stacks. This could mean that the period of realizing profits is coming to an end for this cohort, possibly taking further sell pressure from the market.

Coins are rapidly leaving exchanges

Since the beginning of this latest bull run in early November, bitcoin tokens have been exiting exchanges at a rapid rate. This has ended a nearly two-year trend of bitcoin on exchanges at roughly steady levels, an encouraging sign of further investor demand.

BTC Price vs Exchange Balance (Glassnode)
BTC Price vs Exchange Balance (Glassnode)

Zooming out over a five-year period, however, shows a somewhat less encouraging picture as bitcoin on exchanges remains in a relatively narrow range of 2.7 million to 3.3 million tokens.

For a more sustainable bull run, BTC will need to keep leaving exchanges — a sign of continuing investor appetite rather than demand from the derivatives side which is a often sign of leverage.


"Bitcoin's illiquid supply has reached a new all-time high while exchange balances hit a new multi-year low," said Andre Dragosch, head of research at Bitwise. "Almost 75% of supply is deemed 'illiquid' while less than 14% of supply remains on exchanges," he continued. "Bitcoin's supply scarcity continues to intensify."

James Van Straten

James Van Straten is a Senior Analyst at CoinDesk, specializing in Bitcoin and its interplay with the macroeconomic environment. Previously, James worked as a Research Analyst at Saidler & Co., a Swiss hedge fund, where he developed expertise in on-chain analytics. His work focuses on monitoring flows to analyze Bitcoin's role within the broader financial system. In addition to his professional endeavors, James serves as an advisor to Coinsilium, a UK publicly traded company, where he provides guidance on their Bitcoin treasury strategy. He also holds investments in Bitcoin, MicroStrategy (MSTR), and Semler Scientific (SMLR).

James Van Straten